A recent blog entry from the Microsoft Malware Protection Center details information about a new malware (called Win32/Bohu.A) which is specifically designed to disable and mislead cloud-based antivirus software.
Cloud-based antivirus software differs from traditional antivirus  software in that the antivirus client (running on the PC) sends  important threat data to a server for backend analysis, and subsequently  receives further detection and removal instruction.
The Bohu Trojan originates in China where there is a predominate use  of cloud-based antivirus software. Once a Windows based machine is  infected the malware installs different network level filters to disrupt  and block the antivirus client accessing the backend antivirus services  on the Internet.
As well as writing random data at the end of its key payload  components to avoid hash-based detection, Bohu also installs a Windows  Sockets service provider interface (SPI) filter to block the antivirus  network traffic as well as a Network Driver Interface Specification  (NDIS) filter. The NDIS filter then stops the antivirus client from  uploading data to the server by looking for the server addresses in the  data packets.

 
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